How can I tell if a bill has an error?
Step-by-Step Inspection
First, check the basics: does the bill have all its normal printing, including front and back? Look for missing elements like the Federal Reserve seal, serial numbers, or treasury seal. Next, examine the alignment of the borders and the centering of the design.
Hold the bill up to a light to see if the printing on the front and back lines up correctly. Errors like offset printing (ink from one side transferring to the other) or gutter folds (a fold that creates a blank strip) are often obvious.
- Check for missing print (front or back)
- Look for misalignment of borders or design
- Inspect for extra ink or smears
- Hold to light to see through-register errors
- Compare to a known normal bill of same series
When to Get Expert Help
If you find something unusual, set it aside and do not fold or damage it further. Many errors are subtle, and only a professional grader can confirm authenticity and value.
You can send the bill to a grading service like PMG or PCGS for certification. They will attribute the error and grade the condition, which helps when selling. Local coin or currency dealers can also offer an opinion, but be wary of lowball offers.
Common mistakes
- Mistaking common wear or damage (stains, tears) for a printing error.
- Assuming any misalignment is valuable; minor shifts are common and add little value.
- Trying to clean or repair a suspected error, which can ruin its value.
